Ja`far as-Sadiq
May Allah Bless Him and Give Him Peace"I have discovered -- and exaggeration is not in my nature --
that he who is my sustenance will come to me.
I run to him, and my quest for him is agony for me.
Were I to sit still, he would come to me without distress."`Urwa ibn Adhana.
The son of Imam Muhammad al-Baqir, son of al-Imam Zain al-`Abidin, son of al-Husayn, son of
`Ali bin Abi Talib 
, Ja`far was born on the eighth of Ramadan in the year 83 H. His
mother was the daughter of al-Qassim , whose great grandfather
was Abu Bakr as-Siddiq .
He spent his life in worship and acts of piety for the sake of
Allah. He rejected all positions of fame in favor of `uzla
or isolation from the lower world. One of his contemporaries, `Umar
ibn Abi-l-Muqdam, said, "When I look at Ja`far bin
Muhammad I see the lineage and the secret of the Prophet
Muhammad 
united in him."
He received from the Prophet two lines of inheritance: the
secret of the Prophet through 'Ali and the secret of the
Prophet through Abu Bakr . In him the two lineages met and
for that reason he was called "The Inheritor of the
Prophetic Station (Maqam an-Nubuwwa) and the Inheritor of
the Truthful Station (Maqam as-siddiqiyya)." In him
was reflected the light of the knowledge of Truth and Reality.
That light shone forth and that knowledge was spread widely
through him during his lifetime.
Ja`far narrated from his father, Muhammad al-Baqir, that
a man came to his grandfather, Zain al-`Abidin, and said,
"Tell me about Abu Bakr!" He said, "You mean as-Siddiq?" The man said, "How do you call him
as-Siddiq when he is against you, the Family of the Prophet
?" He replied, "Woe to you. The Prophet called
him as-Siddiq, and Allah accepted his title of as-Siddiq. If you
want to come to me, keep the love of Abu Bakr and `Umar in your
heart."
Ja`far said, "The best intercession that I hope for is
the intercession of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq ." From him is
reported also the following invocation: "O Allah, You are my
Witness that I love Abu Bakr and I love `Umar and if what I am
saying is not true may Allah cut me off from the intercession of
Muhammad ."
He took the knowledge of hadith from two sources: from his
father through `Ali and from his maternal grandfather
al-Qassim. Then he increased his knowledge of hadith by sitting
with `Urwa, `Aata, Nafi` and Zuhri. The two Sufyans, Sufyan
ath-Thawri and Sufyan ibn `Uyayna, Imam Malik, Imam Abu Hanifa,
and al-Qattan all narrated hadith through him, as did many others
from later hadith scholars. He was a mufassir al-Qur'an or
master in exegesis, a scholar of jurisprudence, and one of the
greatest mujtahids (qualified to give legal decisions) in Madinah.
Ja`far acquired both the external religious knowledge as
well as the internal confirmation of its reality in the heart.
The latter was reflected in his many visions and miraculous
powers, too numerous to tell.
One time someone complained to al-Mansur, the governor of
Madinah, about Ja`far . They brought him before Mansur and
asked the man who had complained, "Do you swear that Ja`far did as you say?" He said, "I swear that he did
that." Ja`far said, "Let him swear that I did what he
accused me of and let him swear that Allah punish him if he is
lying." The man insisted on his complaint and Ja`far insisted that he take the oath. Finally the man accepted to take
the oath. No sooner were the words of the oath out of his mouth
than he fell down dead.
Once he heard that al-Hakm bin al-'Abbas al-Kalbi crucified his own uncle Zaid on a date palm. He was so unhappy about this that he raised his hands and said, "O Allah send him one of your dogs to teach him a lesson." Only a brief time passed before al-Hakm was eaten by a lion in the desert.
Imam at-Tabari narrates that Wahb said, "I heard Layth
ibn Sa`d say, I went on pilgrimage in the year 113 H.,
and after I prayed the afternoon obligatory prayer (salat al-`Asr) I was reading some verses of the Holy
Qur'an and I saw someone sitting beside me invoking Allah saying 'Ya Allah, Ya Allah...' repeatedly until he lost his breath. He
then continued by saying 'Ya Hayy, Ya Hayy...' until his breath
was again lost. He then raised his hands and said, 'O Allah, I
have the desire to eat grapes, O Allah give me some. And my robe
(jubba) is becoming so old and tattered, please O Allah
grant me a new one.' Laith bin Sa`d said that 'He had hardly
finished his words before a basket of grapes appeared in front of
him, and at that time there were no grapes in season. Beside the
basket of grapes there appeared two cloaks more beautiful than I
had ever seen before.' I said, 'O my partner let me share with
you.' He said, 'How are you a partner?' I replied, 'You were
praying and I was saying Amin.' Then Imam Ja`far said, 'Then come
and eat with me,' and he gave me one of the two cloaks. Then he
walked off until he met a man who said, 'O son of the Prophet
, cover me because I have nothing but these tattered garments
to cover me.' He immediately gave him the cloak that he had just
received. I asked that man, 'Who is that?' He replied, 'That is
the great Imam, Ja`far as-Sadiq.' I ran after him to find him but
he had disappeared."
This is only a sample of the many anecdotes and stories of the
miraculous powers (karamat) of Ja`far as-Sadiq .
From his knowledge he used to say to Sufyan ath-Thawri, "If Allah bestows on you a favor, and you wish to keep that favor, then you must praise and thank Him excessively, because He said, "If you are thankful Allah will increase for you" [14:7]. He also said, "If the door of provision is closed for you, then make a great deal of istighfar (begging forgiveness), because Allah said, "Seek forgiveness of your Lord, certainly Your Lord is oft-Forgiving" [11:52]. And he said to Sufyan, "If you are upset by the tyranny of a Sultan or other oppression that you witness, say "There is no change and no power except with Allah," (la hawla wa la quwwata illa-billah) because it is the key to Relief and one of the Treasures of Paradise."
"The Nun [letter "n"] at the beginning of Surat 68 represents the light of Pre-eternity, out of which Allah created all creations, and which is Muhammad
"Allah Almighty and Exalted told the lower world, "Serve the one who serves Me and tire the one who serves you."
"Prayer is the pillar of every pious person; Pilgrimage is the Jihad of every weak one; the Zakat of the body is fasting; and the one who asks for Allah's grants without performing good deeds is like one trying to shoot an arrow without a bow."
"Open the door of provision by giving donation; fence in your money with the payment of zakat; the best is he who wastes not; planning is the foundation of your life, and to act prudently is the basis of intellect."
"Whoever makes his parents sad has denied their rights on him."
"The jurists are the trustees of the Prophet
"No food is better than God-fear and there is nothing better than silence; no enemy is more powerful than ignorance; no illness is greater than lying."
"If you see something you don't like in your brother try to find from one to seventy excuses for him. If you can't find an excuse, say, 'There might be an excuse but I don't know it.'"
"If you hear a word from a Muslim which is offensive, try to find a good meaning for it. If you don't find a good meaning for it, say to yourself, 'I do not understand what he said,' in order to keep harmony between Muslims."
Ja`far passed away in 148 H. and was buried in Jannat al-Baqi` in the same
grave as that of his father, Muhammad al-Baqir, his grandfather, Zain al-`Abidin,
and the uncle of his grandfather, al-Hasan ibn `Ali .
He passed on the Secret of the Golden Chain to his successor, Tayfur Abu Yazid
al-Bistami, more commonly known as Bayazid al-Bistami.